How has the magazine industry responded to developments in new media technologies in terms of the distribution of content since the 1990s?

How has the magazine industry responded to developments in new media technologies in terms of the distribution of content since the 1990s?

Since the 1990's there have been many developments in new media technologies. Such developments include newspapers moving to the web, CD-Rom magazines and electronic auditing. The daily telegraph claimed to be the first national newspaper on the web. This made a big difference to the magazine industry because now newspapers were on the web, more people might view them on there as it was cheaper and easier. But then again, it might not have worried them much, as not that many people had computers, or the internet in that year as it was very expensive. Then in 1995 there was the CD-Rom magazines. At least 10 were available (Baumann 1995). Unzip was 'the UK's first fully interactive magazine on CD-Rom' IPC. The market for CD-Rom magazines grew rapidly and therefore sales for the magazine industry dropped. Then in the year after things got worse when electronic auditing was introduced. ABC Electronic established to provide independent certification for data related to electronic media. Then in 2003 there was SMS text messaging. This meant that now people could send texts to magazines online. This showed that the industry for online magazines was better than the magazine industry. Later on in 2006 there was the switch in teenage spending to online and mobile-phone based media blamed for teen magazine closure. Emap closed Smash Hits as this was now online. The name lives on as a digital music TV channel and radio station but it was not on paper anymore. In the same year, but later on, youtube also launched magazines so this increased the popularity of online magazines more. By this stage the magazine industry was decreasing in sales, but there were still a large amount of people buying them. There was also interactive digital-only magazines launched but this did not really effect the industry as not many people started viewing them therefore it was not a threat. Then in 2007, digital-only magazine for teenagers was launched however, problems with the emailed files being blocked because of poor mailing lists led to the experiment failing and it was closed within 6 months. More recently in 2008, digital magazines became an established medium. Exact Editions had about 70 titles; Ceros 200. In February 2008, Zinio launched Global Newsstand to make 850 titles available to buy and read online. Near the end of the year, social applications and widgets for Stuff websites were made e.g. Twitter, which is very popular with people, and has a very large audience. It is also very popular with celebrities as most people have a Twitter page. This did not really effect the industry as these are social networking sites, not magazines about fashion, games etc. The most recent thing was in 2009, with the iphone coming out, and the app for NME on it. IPC's music weekly sells 59p app to access band photographs using Umeetechnology. Rebrands itelf as: online, magazine, TV, radio, mobile (note the order).